Release 4 5

This page is part of the FHIR Specification (v4.0.1: R4 (v5.0.0: R5 - Mixed Normative and STU ) ). This is the current published version in it's permanent home (it will always be available at this URL). The current version which supercedes this version is 5.0.0 . For a full list of available versions, see the Directory of published versions . Page versions: R5 R4B R4 R3

Codesystem-observation-statistics.xml

Example CodeSystem/observation-statistics (XML)

Vocabulary Orders and Observations Work Group Maturity Level : N/A Standards Status : Informative

Raw XML ( canonical form + also see XML Format Specification )

Definition for Code System StatisticsCode SystemStatisticsCode

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>


  
  
    
  
  
    
    
      
      
        

      
      This code system http://terminology.hl7.org/CodeSystem/observation-statistics defines
         the following codes:
      
        
          
            
          
          
            
          
          
            
          
        
        
          average
            
          
          
          The [mean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_mean) of N measurements over the stated
             period.
        
        
          maximum
            
          
          
          The [maximum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximal_element) value of N measurements over
             the stated period.
        
        
          minimum
            
          
          
          The [minimum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_element) value of N measurements over
             the stated period.
        
        
          count
            
          
          
          The [number] of valid measurements over the stated period that contributed to the other
             statistical outputs.
        
        
          total-count
            
          
          

<CodeSystem xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
  <id value="observation-statistics"/> 
  <meta> 
    <lastUpdated value="2023-03-26T15:21:02.749+11:00"/> 
    <profile value="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/shareablecodesystem"/> 
  </meta> 
  <text> 
    <status value="generated"/> 
    <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
      <p> This code system 
        <code> http://hl7.org/fhir/observation-statistics</code>  defines the following codes:
      </p> 
      <table class="codes">
        <tr> 
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">
            <b> Code</b> 
          </td> 
          <td> 
            <b> Display</b> 
          </td> 
          <td> 
            <b> Definition</b> 
          </td> 
        </tr> 
        <tr> 
          <td style="white-space:nowrap">average
            <a name="observation-statistics-average"> </a> 
          </td> 
          <td> Average</td> 
          <td> The [mean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_mean) of N measurements over
             the stated period.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">maximum            <a name="observation-statistics-maximum"> </a>           </td>           <td> Maximum</td>           <td> The [maximum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximal_element) value of N measurements

             over the stated period.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">minimum            <a name="observation-statistics-minimum"> </a>           </td>           <td> Minimum</td>           <td> The [minimum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_element) value of N measurements

             over the stated period.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">count            <a name="observation-statistics-count"> </a>           </td>           <td> Count</td>           <td> The [number] of valid measurements over the stated period that contributed to the

             other statistical outputs.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">total-count            <a name="observation-statistics-total-count"> </a>           </td>           <td> Total Count</td> 
          <td> The total [number] of valid measurements over the stated period, including observations
             that were ignored because they did not contain valid result values.
        
        
          median
            
          
          
          
        
        
          std-dev
            
          
          
          The [standard deviation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviation) of N measurements
             over the stated period.
        
        
          sum
            
          
          
          
        
        
          variance
            
          
          
          The [variance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variance) of N measurements over the stated
             period.
        
        
          20-percent
            
          
          
          The 20th [Percentile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile) of N measurements over
             the stated period.
        
        
          80-percent
            
          
          
          The 80th [Percentile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile) of N measurements over
             the stated period.
        
        
          4-lower
            
          
          

             that were ignored because they did not contain valid result values.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">median            <a name="observation-statistics-median"> </a>           </td>           <td> Median</td>           <td> The [median](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Median) of N measurements over the stated

             period.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">std-dev            <a name="observation-statistics-std-dev"> </a>           </td>           <td> Standard Deviation</td>           <td> The [standard deviation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviation) of N

             measurements over the stated period.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">sum            <a name="observation-statistics-sum"> </a>           </td>           <td> Sum</td>           <td> The [sum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summation) of N measurements over the stated

             period.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">variance            <a name="observation-statistics-variance"> </a>           </td>           <td> Variance</td>           <td> The [variance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variance) of N measurements over the

             stated period.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">20-percent            <a name="observation-statistics-20-percent"> </a>           </td>           <td> 20th Percentile</td>           <td> The 20th [Percentile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile) of N measurements

             over the stated period.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">80-percent            <a name="observation-statistics-80-percent"> </a>           </td>           <td> 80th Percentile</td>           <td> The 80th [Percentile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile) of N measurements

             over the stated period.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">4-lower            <a name="observation-statistics-4-lower"> </a>           </td>           <td> Lower Quartile</td> 
          <td> The lower [Quartile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartile) Boundary of N measurements
             over the stated period.
        
        
          4-upper
            
          
          

             over the stated period.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">4-upper            <a name="observation-statistics-4-upper"> </a>           </td>           <td> Upper Quartile</td> 
          <td> The upper [Quartile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartile) Boundary of N measurements
             over the stated period.
        
        
          4-dev
            
          
          
          The difference between the upper and lower [Quartiles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartile)
             is called the Interquartile range. (IQR = Q3-Q1) Quartile deviation or Semi-interquartile
             range is one-half the difference between the first and the third quartiles.
        
        
          5-1
            
          
          

             over the stated period.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">4-dev            <a name="observation-statistics-4-dev"> </a>           </td>           <td> Quartile Deviation</td>           <td> The difference between the upper and lower [Quartiles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartile

            ) is called the Interquartile range. (IQR = Q3-Q1) Quartile deviation or Semi-interquartile
             range is one-half the difference between the first and the third quartiles.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">5-1            <a name="observation-statistics-5-1"> </a>           </td>           <td> 1st Quintile</td> 
          <td> The lowest of four values that divide the N measurements into a frequency distribution
             of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population.
        
        
          5-2
            
          
          

             of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">5-2            <a name="observation-statistics-5-2"> </a>           </td>           <td> 2nd Quintile</td> 
          <td> The second of four values that divide the N measurements into a frequency distribution
             of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population.
        
        
          5-3
            
          
          

             of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">5-3            <a name="observation-statistics-5-3"> </a>           </td>           <td> 3rd Quintile</td> 
          <td> The third of four values that divide the N measurements into a frequency distribution
             of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population.
        
        
          5-4
            
          
          

             of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">5-4            <a name="observation-statistics-5-4"> </a>           </td>           <td> 4th Quintile</td> 
          <td> The fourth of four values that divide the N measurements into a frequency distribution
             of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population.
        
        
          skew
            
          
          

             of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population.</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">skew            <a name="observation-statistics-skew"> </a>           </td>           <td> Skew</td> 
          <td> Skewness is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued
             random variable about its mean. The skewness value can be positive or negative, or even
             undefined.  Source: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skewness).
        
        
          kurtosis
            
          
          
          Kurtosis  is a measure of the &quot;tailedness&quot; of the probability distribution of
             a real-valued random variable.   Source: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurtosis).
        
        
          regression
            
          
          
          Linear regression is an approach for modeling two-dimensional sample points with one independent
             variable and one dependent variable (conventionally, the x and y coordinates in a Cartesian
             coordinate system) and finds a linear function (a non-vertical straight line) that, as
             accurately as possible, predicts the dependent variable values as a function of the independent
             variables. Source: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_linear_regression)
              This Statistic code will return both a gradient and an intercept value.
        
      
    
  
  
  
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
      
      
    
    
      
      
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
    
    The [mean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_mean) of N measurements over the stated
     period.
  
  
    
    
    The [maximum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximal_element) value of N measurements over
     the stated period.
  
  
    
    
    The [minimum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_element) value of N measurements over
     the stated period.
  
  
    
    
    The [number] of valid measurements over the stated period that contributed to the other
     statistical outputs.
  
  
    
    

             random variable about its mean. The skewness value can be positive or negative,
             or even undefined.  Source: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skewness).</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">kurtosis            <a name="observation-statistics-kurtosis"> </a>           </td>           <td> Kurtosis</td>           <td> Kurtosis  is a measure of the &quot;tailedness&quot; of the probability distribution

             of a real-valued random variable.   Source: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurtosi
            s).</td> 
        </tr>         <tr>           <td style="white-space:nowrap">regression            <a name="observation-statistics-regression"> </a>           </td>           <td> Regression</td>           <td> Linear regression is an approach for modeling two-dimensional sample points with

             one independent variable and one dependent variable (conventionally, the x and
             y coordinates in a Cartesian coordinate system) and finds a linear function (a
             non-vertical straight line) that, as accurately as possible, predicts the dependent
             variable values as a function of the independent variables. Source: [Wikipedia](https://en.wi
            kipedia.org/wiki/Simple_linear_regression)  This Statistic code will return both
             a gradient and an intercept value.</td> 
        </tr>       </table>     </div>   </text>   <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/structuredefinition-wg">    <valueCode value="oo"/>   </extension>   <url value="http://hl7.org/fhir/observation-statistics"/>   <identifier>     <system value="urn:ietf:rfc:3986"/>     <value value="urn:oid:2.16.840.1.113883.4.642.1.1126"/>   </identifier>   <identifier>     <use value="old"/>     <system value="urn:ietf:rfc:3986"/>     <value value="urn:oid:2.16.840.1.113883.4.642.1.395"/>   </identifier>   <version value="5.0.0"/>   <name value="StatisticsCode"/>   <title value="Statistics Code"/>   <status value="active"/>   <experimental value="false"/>   <date value="2022-12-01T09:29:23+11:00"/>   <publisher value="HL7 (FHIR Project)"/>   <contact>     <telecom>       <system value="url"/>       <value value="http://hl7.org/fhir"/>     </telecom>     <telecom>       <system value="email"/>       <value value="fhir@lists.hl7.org"/>     </telecom>   </contact>   <description value="The statistical operation parameter -&quot;statistic&quot; codes."/>   <jurisdiction>     <coding>       <system value="http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm"/>       <code value="001"/>       <display value="World"/>     </coding>   </jurisdiction>   <caseSensitive value="true"/>   <valueSet value="http://hl7.org/fhir/ValueSet/observation-statistics"/>   <content value="complete"/>   <concept>     <code value="average"/>     <display value="Average"/>     <definition value="The [mean](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_mean) of N measurements over

     the stated period."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="maximum"/>     <display value="Maximum"/>     <definition value="The [maximum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximal_element) value of N measurements

     over the stated period."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="minimum"/>     <display value="Minimum"/>     <definition value="The [minimum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_element) value of N measurements

     over the stated period."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="count"/>     <display value="Count"/>     <definition value="The [number] of valid measurements over the stated period that contributed to the

     other statistical outputs."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="total-count"/>     <display value="Total Count"/> 
    <definition value="The total [number] of valid measurements over the stated period, including observations
     that were ignored because they did not contain valid result values.
  
  
    
    
    
  
  
    
    
    The [standard deviation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviation) of N measurements
     over the stated period.
  
  
    
    
    
  
  
    
    
    The [variance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variance) of N measurements over the stated
     period.
  
  
    
    
    The 20th [Percentile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile) of N measurements over
     the stated period.
  
  
    
    
    The 80th [Percentile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile) of N measurements over
     the stated period.
  
  
    
    

     that were ignored because they did not contain valid result values."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="median"/>     <display value="Median"/>     <definition value="The [median](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Median) of N measurements over the stated

     period."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="std-dev"/>     <display value="Standard Deviation"/>     <definition value="The [standard deviation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviation) of N

     measurements over the stated period."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="sum"/>     <display value="Sum"/>     <definition value="The [sum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summation) of N measurements over the stated

     period."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="variance"/>     <display value="Variance"/>     <definition value="The [variance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variance) of N measurements over the

     stated period."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="20-percent"/>     <display value="20th Percentile"/>     <definition value="The 20th [Percentile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile) of N measurements

     over the stated period."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="80-percent"/>     <display value="80th Percentile"/>     <definition value="The 80th [Percentile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile) of N measurements

     over the stated period."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="4-lower"/>     <display value="Lower Quartile"/> 
    <definition value="The lower [Quartile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartile) Boundary of N measurements
     over the stated period.
  
  
    
    

     over the stated period."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="4-upper"/>     <display value="Upper Quartile"/> 
    <definition value="The upper [Quartile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartile) Boundary of N measurements
     over the stated period.
  
  
    
    
    The difference between the upper and lower [Quartiles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartile)
     is called the Interquartile range. (IQR = Q3-Q1) Quartile deviation or Semi-interquartile
     range is one-half the difference between the first and the third quartiles.
  
  
    
    

     over the stated period."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="4-dev"/>     <display value="Quartile Deviation"/>     <definition value="The difference between the upper and lower [Quartiles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartile

    ) is called the Interquartile range. (IQR = Q3-Q1) Quartile deviation or Semi-interquartile
     range is one-half the difference between the first and the third quartiles."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="5-1"/>     <display value="1st Quintile"/> 
    <definition value="The lowest of four values that divide the N measurements into a frequency distribution
     of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population.
  
  
    
    

     of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="5-2"/>     <display value="2nd Quintile"/> 
    <definition value="The second of four values that divide the N measurements into a frequency distribution
     of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population.
  
  
    
    

     of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="5-3"/>     <display value="3rd Quintile"/> 
    <definition value="The third of four values that divide the N measurements into a frequency distribution
     of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population.
  
  
    
    

     of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="5-4"/>     <display value="4th Quintile"/> 
    <definition value="The fourth of four values that divide the N measurements into a frequency distribution
     of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population.
  
  
    
    

     of five classes with each containing one fifth of the total population."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="skew"/>     <display value="Skew"/> 
    <definition value="Skewness is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued
     random variable about its mean. The skewness value can be positive or negative, or even
     undefined.  Source: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skewness).
  
  
    
    
    Kurtosis  is a measure of the &quot;tailedness&quot; of the probability distribution of
     a real-valued random variable.   Source: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurtosis).
  
  
    
    
    Linear regression is an approach for modeling two-dimensional sample points with one independent
     variable and one dependent variable (conventionally, the x and y coordinates in a Cartesian
     coordinate system) and finds a linear function (a non-vertical straight line) that, as
     accurately as possible, predicts the dependent variable values as a function of the independent
     variables. Source: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_linear_regression)
      This Statistic code will return both a gradient and an intercept value.
  

     random variable about its mean. The skewness value can be positive or negative,
     or even undefined.  Source: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skewness)."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="kurtosis"/>     <display value="Kurtosis"/>     <definition value="Kurtosis  is a measure of the &quot;tailedness&quot; of the probability distribution

     of a real-valued random variable.   Source: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurtosi
    s)."/> 
  </concept>   <concept>     <code value="regression"/>     <display value="Regression"/>     <definition value="Linear regression is an approach for modeling two-dimensional sample points with

     one independent variable and one dependent variable (conventionally, the x and
     y coordinates in a Cartesian coordinate system) and finds a linear function (a
     non-vertical straight line) that, as accurately as possible, predicts the dependent
     variable values as a function of the independent variables. Source: [Wikipedia](https://en.wi
    kipedia.org/wiki/Simple_linear_regression)  This Statistic code will return both
     a gradient and an intercept value."/> 
  </concept> 


</

CodeSystem

>



Usage note: every effort has been made to ensure that the examples are correct and useful, but they are not a normative part of the specification.