This
page
is
part
of
the
FHIR
Specification
(v5.0.0:
R5
-
STU
v6.0.0-ballot2:
Release
6
Ballot
(2nd
Draft)
(see
Ballot
Notes
).
This
is
the
The
current
published
version
in
it's
permanent
home
(it
will
always
be
available
at
this
URL).
is
5.0.0
.
For
a
full
list
of
available
versions,
see
the
Directory
of
published
versions
.
Page
versions:
R5
R4B
R4
R3
R2
(Attribute-Based
Access
Control),
also
known
as
policy-based
access
control,
defines
an
access
control
paradigm
whereby
access
rights
are
granted
to
users
through
the
use
of
policies
which
combine
attributes
together.
(See
RBAC)
Absolute
URL
is
an
URL
specifies
the
location
of
a
target
stored
on
a
local
or
networked
computer.
An
absolute
URL
contains
all
the
information
necessary
to
locate
a
resource
and
typically
uses
the
following
format:
scheme://server/path/resource
(See
Relative
URL)
Account
is
a
financial
tool
for
tracking
value
accrued
for
a
particular
purpose.
In
the
healthcare
field,
used
to
track
charges
for
a
patient,
cost
centers.
A
Billing
Account
is
an
accumulator
of
financial
and
administrative
information
for
the
main
purpose
of
supporting
claims
and
reimbursement.
In
context
of
FHIR,
Account
is
a
resource
that
acts
as
a
central
record
against
which
charges,
payments,
and
adjustments
are
applied.
Accounts
Receivable
is
the
way
of
processing
patient
and
insurance
company
payments.
Adjudicator
is
someone
who
presides,
judges,
and
arbitrates
during
a
formal
dispute
or
competition.
Adjudicator
has
numerous
purposes,
including
preliminary
legal
judgments,
to
determine
applicant
eligibility,
or
to
assess
contenders'
performance
in
competitions.
Adjudication
is
a
process
by
which
an
an
insurer
of
a
claim,
preauthorization
or
predetermination
to
determine
under
the
insurance
plan
what
if
any
benefits
are
or
would
be
payable.
Advance
Directives
is
a
living
Will
written
by
the
patient
to
the
physician
in
case
of
incapacitation
to
give
further
instructions.
Agency
is
a
permanent
or
semi-permanent
organization
responsible
for
the
provision
of
emergency
medical
services
within
a
given
jurisdictional
area
Alerts
are
brief
online
notices
that
are
issued
to
users
as
they
complete
a
cycle
through
the
menu
system.
Alerts
are
designed
to
provide
interactive
notification
of
pending
computing
activities,
such
as
the
need
to
reorder
supplies
or
review
a
patient's
clinical
test
results.
Animal
is
a
subtype
of
Living
Subject
representing
any
animal-of-interest.
An
instance
of
an
animal
is
uniquely
identifiable
and,
as
a
result,
able
to
be
certified,
licensed,
or
otherwise
credentialed
by
an
appropriate
Credentialing
Authority
for
the
purpose
of
involvement
in
one
or
more
healthcare
processes.
ANSI
American
National
Standards
Institute
(www.ansi.org)
API
is
a
collection
of
well-defined
interfaces
for
interoperating
between
two
applications.
Application
is
all
submissions
that
are
grouped
together
for
regulatory
purposes.
Application
is
a
software
program
or
set
of
related
programs
that
provide
some
useful
healthcare
capability
or
functionality.
Application
Role
is
an
abstraction
that
expresses
a
portion
of
the
messaging
behavior
of
an
information
system.
Appointment
is
a
booking
of
a
healthcare
event
among
patient(s),
practitioner(s),
related
person(s)
and/or
device(s)
for
a
specific
date/time
in
the
future
or
past.
Argonaut
Project
is
a
private
sector
initiative
to
advance
industry
adoption
of
modern,
open
interoperability
standards.
The
purpose
of
the
Argonaut
Project
is
to
rapidly
develop
a
first-generation
FHIR-based
API
and
Core
Data
Services
specification
to
enable
expanded
information
sharing
for
electronic
health
records
and
other
health
information
technology
based
on
Internet
standards
and
architectural
patterns
and
styles.
Artifact
is
any
deliverable
resulting
from
the
discovery,
analysis,
and
design
activities
leading
to
the
creation
of
message
specifications.
ASCII
(American
Standard
Code
for
Information
Interchange),
a
common
8-bit
character
encoding
set.
ATNA
(Audit
Trail
and
Node
Authentication)
is
an
IHE
Integration
Profile
to
establishe
security
measures
which,
together
with
the
Security
Policy
and
Procedures,
provide
patient
information
confidentiality,
data
integrity
and
user
accountability.
(See
IHE)
Attachment
is
a
collection
of
information
objects
sent
to
a
party
to
support
their
understanding
or
processing
of
another
resource
such
as
a
claim.
Attachment,
Solicited
See
Solicited
Attachment
Attachment,
Unsolicited
See
Unsolicited
Attachment
Attachment
is
an
additional
data
content
defined
in
other
formats.
FHIR
specification
defines
an
Attachment
datatype
for
including
content
inline
encoded
in
Base64
or
referencing
to
content
found
elsewhere.
Authentication
is
a
process
of
recognizing
a
user’s
identity.
It
is
the
mechanism
of
associating
an
incoming
request
with
a
set
of
identifying
credentials.
(See
OAuth)
Authorization
is
a
security
mechanism
to
determine
access
levels
or
user/client
privileges
related
to
resources.
This
is
the
process
of
granting
or
denying
access
to
resources
which
allows
the
user
access
to
various
resources
based
on
the
user's
identity.
2.1.21.2
B
BackboneElement
is
the
base
definition
for
complex
elements
defined
as
part
of
a
resource
definition
-
that
is,
elements
that
have
children
that
are
defined
in
the
resource.
Base64
is
a
group
of
binary-to-text
encoding
schemes
that
represent
binary
data
in
an
ASCII
string
format
designed
to
carry
data
stored
in
binary
formats
across
channels
that
only
reliably
support
text
content.
(See
ASCII)
Batch
is
a
FHIR
RESTful
API
interaction
sent
to
the
FHIR
Server
to
perform
a
set
of
actions
on
resources
in
a
single
HTTP
request/response.
In
case
of
Batch
interaction
actions
are
performed
independently.
(See
Transaction)
Battery
is
a
battery
is
a
set
of
closely
related
observations.
The
components
of
a
battery
should
have
a
generally
accepted
clinical,
functional
or
logical
relationship
to
one
another.
Beneficiary
is
a
party
whose
health
care
expenses
may
be
covered
by
a
policy
issued
by
an
Insurer.
Benefit
Amount
is
an
amount
payable
under
an
insurance
policy
for
a
given
expense
incurred
by
a
patient.
Benefit
Coverage
is
a
description
of
the
benefits
provided
by
an
individual's
benefit
plan.
Billing
is
the
way
of
processing
patient
and
insurance
company
bills.
Binding
is
the
way
to
link
a
coded
element
to
a
definition
of
the
set
of
possible
codes
that
the
element
may
contain.
The
set
of
possible
codes
is
either
a
formal
reference
to
a
ValueSet
resource
or
a
general
reference
to
some
web
content
that
defines
a
set
of
codes.
Binding
Strength
is
a
property
of
Binding
that
defines
the
degree
of
flexibility
associated
with
the
use
of
the
codes
in
the
value
set.
(See
Binding)
Bundle
a
container
for
a
collection
of
resources.
(See
Contained
Resource)
2.1.21.3
C
Canonical
URL
is
a
stable
and
preferred
logical
identifier
for
the
resource
that
always
identifies
the
resource
across
all
contexts
of
use.
This
typically
applies
to
terminology,
conformance
or
knowledge
resources.
Canonical
Reference
is
the
references
to
resources
by
their
canonical
URL
(See
Canonical
URL)
Capabilities
is
a
FHIR
RESTful
API
interaction
to
retrieve
the
information
about
a
server's
capabilities
-
which
portions
of
the
FHIR
specification
it
supports.
(See
CapabilityStatement)
CapabilityStatement
is
a
resource
that
describes
a
statement
of
the
kinds
of
resources
and
operations
provided
and/or
consumed
by
an
application.
Cardinality
is
the
property
of
a
data
element,
the
lower
and
upper
bounds
on
how
many
times
this
element
is
allowed
to
appear
in
the
resource.
Care
plan
is
an
ordered
assembly
of
expected
or
planned
activities
including
observations,
services,
appointments,
procedures
and
setting
of
goals,
usually
organized
in
phases
or
sessions,
which
have
the
objective
of
organizing
and
managing
health
care
activity.
Care
plans
are
often
focused
upon
on
or
more
health
care
problems,
with
the
expectation
of
one
or
more
favourable
outcomes.
Care
plans
may
include
orders
sets
as
actionable
elements,
usually
supporting
a
single
session
or
phase.
In
context
of
FHIR,
CarePlan
is
a
resource
to
describe
the
intention
of
how
one
or
more
practitioners
intend
to
deliver
care
for
a
particular
patient,
group
or
community
for
a
period
of
time,
possibly
limited
to
care
for
a
specific
condition
or
set
of
conditions.
Carrier
is
an
organization
that
establishes
insurance
policies,
determines
eligibility
and
benefits
under
those
insurance
policies,
and
underwrites
payments
for
products
and/or
services
provided
to
a
beneficiary
(person
or
organization).
CDA
(Clinical
Document
Architecture)
is
a
document
markup
standard
that
specifies
the
structure
and
semantics
of
"clinical
documents"
for
the
purpose
of
exchange
between
healthcare
providers
and
patients.
CDS
(Clinical
Decision
Support)
is
a
term
to
describe
a
variety
of
tools
to
enhance
decision-making
in
the
clinical
workflow
to
provide
clinicians,
staff,
patients
or
other
individuals
with
knowledge
and
person-specific
information,
intelligently
filtered
or
presented
at
appropriate
times,
to
enhance
health
and
health
care.
CDS
Hook
is
a
specification
that
describes
a
"hook"-based
pattern
for
invoking
decision
support
from
within
a
clinician's
workflow.
(See
CDS)
Chief
Complaint
is
the
primary
reason
a
patient
requires
attention;
typically
the
only
complaint
treated.
Circular
Reference
is
the
type
of
resource
reference
when
the
reference
points
to
another
resource
of
the
same
type
used
when
the
resources
describe
a
complex
hierarchy
or
resources
may
add
additional
content
to
another
resource
by
deriving
from
it
e.g.
extending
type
declarations.
Claim
is
used
by
providers
and
payors,
insurers,
to
exchange
the
financial
information
and
supporting
clinical
information,
regarding
the
provision
of
health
care
services
with
payors
and
for
reporting
to
regulatory
bodies
and
firms
which
provide
data
analytics.
In
context
of
FHIR,
Claim
is
a
resource
to
request
a
provider
issued
list
of
professional
services
and
products
which
have
been
provided,
or
are
to
be
provided,
to
a
patient
which
is
sent
to
an
insurer
for
reimbursement.
Client
is
a
person
receiving
the
immunizations
or
having
recommendations
made.
(See
Patient)
Clinical
Decision
Support
is
the
ability
to
use
data
to
discover/justify
the
proper
activities
planned
for
a
patient.
Clinical
Reasoning
is
the
ability
to
represent
and
encode
clinical
knowledge
in
a
very
broad
sense
so
that
it
can
be
integrated
into
clinical
systems.
This
encoding
may
be
as
simple
as
controlling
whether
or
not
a
particular
section
of
an
order
set
appears
based
on
the
conditions
that
a
patient
has,
or
it
may
be
as
complex
as
representing
the
care
pathway
for
a
patient
with
multiple
conditions.
Clinical
Statement
is
an
expression
of
a
discrete
item
of
clinical,
clinically-related
or
public
health
information
that
is
recorded
because
of
its
relevance
to
the
care
of
patients
(persons,
animals
and
other
entities).
code
is
a
type
of
FHIR
datatypes
where
a
resource
instance
element
represents
the
code
only.
The
system
is
implicit-
it
is
defined
as
part
of
the
definition
of
the
element,
and
not
carried
in
the
instance.
Coding
is
a
type
of
FHIR
datatypes
where
a
resource
instance
element
has
a
code
and
a
system
element
that
identifies
where
the
definition
of
the
code
comes
from.
Coding
is
a
process
where
medical
records
produced
by
the
health
care
provider
are
translated
into
a
code
that
identifies
each
diagnoses
and
procedure
utilized
in
treating
the
patient.
CodeableConcept
A
type
of
FHIR
datatypes
that
represents
a
concept
by
plain
text
and/or
one
or
more
Coding
elements.
Complex
datatype
is
usually
a
structure
with
components
that
represent
other
datatypes
or
structures
required
to
build
a
sophisticated
concept.
(See
Primitive
datatype)
Condition
is
a
term
to
define
patient's
medical,
problem,
diagnosis,
situation,
issue,
other
event,
or
clinical
concept
that
has
risen
to
a
level
of
concern.
Conditional
Reference
is
a
search
URI
that
describes
how
to
find
the
correct
reference
when
the
logical
id
of
a
resource
is
not
known.
Conditional
Reference
can
be
used
only
in
Transaction.
(See
Transaction)
Code
System
define
concepts
and
give
them
meaning
through
formal
definitions,
and
assign
codes
that
represent
the
concepts.
Example:
LOINC,
ICD,
UCUM,
HL7
code
lists
Coding
System
see
Code
System.
Conformance
Verb
is
a
set
verb
form
for
indicating
a
requirement.
HL7
FHIR
specification
uses
the
conformance
verbs
SHALL,
SHOULD,
and
MAY
as
defined
in
RFC
2119.
The
correct
verb
for
indicating
an
absolute
requirement
is
“SHALL”.
Universally
accepted
standardization
terminology
does
not
recognize
"MUST".
Use
"SHALL"
to
indicate
a
mandatory
aspect
or
an
aspect
on
which
there
is
no
option.
The
correct
verb
form
for
indicating
a
recommendation
is
"SHOULD."
The
correct
verb
form
for
an
option
is
"MAY."
The
negatives
are
SHALL
NOT,
SHOULD
NOT.
Conditional
Update
is
the
FHIR
RESTful
API
interaction
that
allows
a
client
to
update
an
existing
resource
based
on
some
identification
criteria,
rather
than
by
logical
id.
Contained
Resource
is
a
resource
within
another
resource
when
the
content
referred
to
in
the
resource
reference
does
not
have
an
independent
existence
apart
from
the
resource
that
contains
it.
(See
Bundle)
COB
(Coordination
of
Benefit)
are
the
rules,
usually
regionally
defined,
which
govern
the
order
of
application
of
multiple
Insurance
coverages
or
Self-Pay
to
a
given
suite
of
health
care
expenses.
CORS
(Cross-Origin
Resource
Sharing)
is
a
specification
that
enables
open
access
across
domain-boundaries
and
introduces
a
standard
mechanism
for
implementing
cross-domain
requests.
Coupling
is
an
interaction
between
systems
or
between
properties
of
a
system.
Coupling,
Loosely
See
Loosely
Coupled
Coupling,
Tightly
See
Tightly
Coupled
Coverage
is
a
financial
instrument
which
may
be
used
to
reimburse
or
pay
for
health
care
products
and
services.
Includes
both
insurance
and
self-payment.
In
context
of
FHIR,
Coverage
is
a
resource
intended
to
provide
the
high-level
identifiers
and
descriptors
of
an
insurance
plan,
typically
the
information
which
would
appear
on
an
insurance
card,
which
may
be
used
to
pay,
in
part
or
in
whole,
for
the
provision
of
health
care
products
and
services.
Coverage
Extension
is
a
form
of
Authorization
where
the
Provider
requests
payment
approval
for
extension
of
a
Person's
benefit
coverage.
Coverage
Extensions
require
manual
or
human
intervention
and
decision
by
the
Adjudicator.
CQF
(Clinical
Quality
Framework)
is
an
initiative
focused
on
the
specifications
used
to
represent
knowledge
artifacts
within
the
Clinical
Quality
Measurement
and
Clinical
Decision
Support
communities.
CQL
(Clinical
Quality
Language)
is
a
high-level,
domain-specific
language
focused
on
clinical
quality
and
targeted
at
measure
and
decision
support
artifact
authors.
CRUD
(Create,
Read,
Update,
Delete)
is
an
acronym
to
define
a
set
of
basic
operations
to
be
done
in
a
data
repository.
CRUD
operations
map
to
HTTP
action
verbs
and
can
be
a
part
of
RESTful
API.
(See
RESTful)
CSS
(Cascading
Style
Sheets)
is
HTML
styling
rules
to
describe
how
HTML
elements
are
to
be
displayed
on
screen,
paper,
or
in
other
media.
2.1.21.4
D
Datatype
is
the
structural
format
of
the
data
carried
in
a
resource
element.
FHIR
provides
a
special
set
of
datatypes
that
includes
primitive,
general-purpose,
metadata
and
special-purpose
datatypes.
Datatype,
Primitive
See
Primitive
datatype
Datatype,
Complex
See
Complex
datatype
Deductible
is
the
dollar
amount
for
which
the
plan
beneficiary
must
pay
before
any
remaining
eligible
expenses
are
reimbursed
under
the
plan.
This
is
usually
calculated
on
an
annual
basis.
Default
Slice
is
a
special
slice
that
allows
a
profile
to
describe
a
set
of
specific
slices,
and
then
make
a
set
of
rules
that
apply
to
all
of
the
remaining
content
that
is
not
in
one
of
the
defined
slices.
(See
Slicing)
Default
value
is
the
value
for
an
element
that
is
to
be
used
by
a
FHIR
resource
instance
receiver
if
no
value
is
given.
De-identification
is
the
process
used
to
prevent
someone's
personal
identity
from
being
revealed.
Demographic
Information
relates
to
the
patient's
name,
address,
date
of
birth,
etc.
Dependent
is
a
person
who
receives
their
coverage
via
a
policy
which
is
own
or
subscribed
to
by
another.
Typically,
these
include
spouses,
partners
and
minor
children
but
may
also
include
students,
parents
and
disabled
persons.
Deprecated
is
an
indication
that
systems
should
continue
to
support
the
artifact/feature/concept,
but
are
discouraged
from
making
use
of
it.
Diagnosis
is
an
identification
of
disease
or
condition
by
a
practitioner
by
means
of
a
Persons
symptoms,
diagnostic
tests,
etc.
Diagnosis
Code
is
a
coding
scheme
(e.g.,
ICD-10CA/CCI)
used
to
indicate
diagnosis.
DICOM
(Digital
Imaging
and
Communications
in
Medicine)
is
a
standard
focusing
on
storing,
managing
and
sharing
of
medical
images
as
well
as
integration
of
imaging
devices
in
the
medical
context.
DICOM,
SR
DICOM
Structured
Reporting
Digital
Signature:
A
legally
useful
electronic
equivalent
to
facsimile
signature,
including
signatures
generated
for
a
variety
of
entities
including
human
and
machine
sources.
Based
on
digital
certificates
attributable
to
well-known
healthcare
oriented
certificate
authorities;
incorporating
cryptographically
secure
techniques
for
signature
generation
and
validation
Differential
Statement
is
a
StructureDefinitions
that
describe
only
the
differences
relative
to
the
structure
definition
it
constrains
(which
is
most
often
the
base
FHIR
resource
or
datatype).
(See
StructureDefinition)
DIN
Drug
Identification
Number)
assigned
to
a
specific
medication
by
Health
Canada.
Discharge
Summary
is
a
concise
summary
of
hospitalization
to
the
Primary
Care
Provider
(PCP)
who
will
follow
the
patient
in
clinic
after
his/her
stay
or
the
admitting
doctor
at
next
hospitalization.
Discriminator
Slice
is
a
field
or
set
of
fields
that
act
as
a
"discriminator"
used
to
provide
a
better
way
to
distinguish
slices.
(See
Slicing)
Document
is
a
coherent
set
of
information
that
is
a
statement
of
healthcare
information,
including
clinical
observations
and
services.
A
document
is
an
immutable
set
of
resources
with
a
fixed
presentation
that
is
authored
and/or
attested
by
humans,
organizations
and
devices.
FHIR
resources
can
be
used
to
build
documents
that
represent
a
composition.
DomainResource
is
an
abstract
resource
that
extends
a
base
Resource.
The
DomainResource
is
never
created
directly,
instead,
one
of
its
descendant
resources
is
created.
(See
Resource)
DSTU
(Draft
Standard
for
Trial
Use)
is
an
ANSI
standards
development
process
stage.
2.1.21.5
E
e-Claim
is
an
invoice
for
health
related
good(s)
and/or
service(s)
transmitted
for
payment
in
an
electronic
format.
(See
Claim)
Electronic
Health
Record
(EHR)
An
electronic
representation
of
an
individual's
health
record,
either
in
a
single
data
repository
or
in
separate
linked
repositories.
Eligibility
(for
benefits
coverage)
is
when
a
Person
meets
the
criteria
for
benefits
coverage.
Benefits
coverage
is
determined
by
the
Insurance
Carrier
and
may
be
delegated
to
an
Adjudicator.
EMS
(Emergency
Medical
Services)
is
a
branch
of
emergency
services
dedicated
to
providing
out-of-hospital
acute
medical
care
and/or
transport
to
definitive
care,
to
patients
with
illnesses
and
injuries
which
the
patient,
or
the
medical
practitioner,
believes
constitutes
a
medical
emergency.
eMPI
Enterprise
Master
Patient
Index
Encounter
is
an
interaction
between
a
patient
and
healthcare
participant(s)
for
the
purpose
of
providing
patient
service(s)
or
assessing
the
health
status
of
a
patient.
For
example,
outpatient
visit
to
multiple
departments,
home
health
support
(including
physical
therapy),
inpatient
hospital
stay,
emergency
room
visit,
field
visit
(e.g.,
traffic
accident),
office
visit,
occupational
therapy,
telephone
call.
Enrolment
is
a
process
of
registering
with
an
insurer
to
obtain
benefits
coverage.
Episode
of
Care
is
a
collection
of
one
or
more
encounters
that
address
the
same
target
of
care
and
that
include
a
relationship
to
the
same
Episode
of
Illness
or
Condition.
(See
Encounter)
ETag
is
a
HTTP
response
header
served
as
an
identifier
for
a
specific
version
of
a
resource.
(See
HTTP)
Extensible
Markup
Language
(XML)
–
is
a
markup
language
with
the
aim
to
represent
data
in
a
hierarchical
structure
in
a
text
file.
Based
on
SGML
(Standard
Generalized
Markup
Language),
it
consists
of
a
set
of
rules
for
defining
semantic
tags
used
to
mark
up
the
content
of
documents.
Extension
is
child
elements
to
represent
additional
information
that
is
not
part
of
the
basic
definition
of
the
resource.
A
resource
can
be
profiled
to
specify
where
particular
extensions
are
required
or
expected.
(See
Profile)
2.1.21.6
F
Fair
Use
in
the
United
States,
trademark
law
includes
a
fair
use
defense,
sometimes
called
"trademark
fair
use"
to
distinguish
it
from
the
better-known
fair
use
doctrine
in
copyright.
Fair
use
of
trademarks
is
more
limited
than
that
which
exists
in
the
context
of
copyright.
Findings
is
a
term
to
define
the
results
of
an
investigation
(e.g.,
an
observation,
a
condition
discovered)
Five
Ws
(Who
What
When
Where
Why)
is
a
common
pattern
for
all
resources
that
deals
with
attribution.
FHIR
(Fast
Healthcare
Interoperability
Resources)
is
a
next
generation
standards
framework
created
by
HL7.
FHIR
combines
the
best
features
of
HL7's
v2
,
HL7v3
and
CDA
product
lines
while
leveraging
the
latest
web
standards
and
applying
a
tight
focus
on
implementability.
FHIRPath
is
a
path
based
navigation
and
extraction
language.
Operations
are
expressed
in
terms
of
the
logical
content
of
hierarchical
data
models,
and
support
traversal,
selection
and
filtering
of
data.
(See
XPath)
Forge
(Furore
Forge)
is
the
official
Windows
desktop
application
for
authoring
FHIR
profiles
and
managing
conformance
resources
(See
Profiles).
2.1.21.7
G
GraphQL
is
a
query
language
for
APIs
and
a
runtime
for
fulfilling
those
queries
with
your
existing
data.
The
GraphQL
interface
may
be
implemented
by
any
server,
and
may
be
provided
as
a
facade
service
in
front
of
a
conformant
RESTful
API.(See
http://graphql.org)
2.1.21.8
H
HAPI
(HL7
application
programming
interface)
is
an
open-source,
object-oriented
HL7
2.x
parser
for
Java.
HAPI-FHIR
is
an
open-source,
object-oriented
implementation
of
the
FHIR
specification
in
Java.
Health
Service
is
a
health
care
service
such
as
diagnosis,
treatment
or
intervention
performed
for
a
person.
Healthcare
Claim
is
an
invoice
for
health
related
good(s)
and/or
service(s)
transmitted
for
payment.
(See
Invoice)
HIPAA
(Health
Insurance
Portability
and
Accountability
Act
of
1996)
is
United
States
legislation
that
provides
data
privacy
and
security
provisions
for
safeguarding
medical
information.
History
is
the
FHIR
RESTful
API
interaction
to
retrieve
the
history
of
either
a
particular
resource,
all
resources
of
a
given
type,
or
all
resources
supported
by
the
system.
HITSP
Health
Information
Technology
Standards
Panel
(www.hitsp.org)
HL7
(Health
Level
Seven)
is
an
ANSI-recognized
standards
development
organization
in
the
healthcare
interoperability
space
(www.hl7.org)
HL7v2
is
one
of
the
most
widely
implemented
standards
for
healthcare
information
in
the
world.
The
Version
2
Messaging
Standard
was
first
released
in
October
1987
as
an
Application
Protocol
for
Electronic
Data
Exchange
in
Healthcare
Environments.
HL7v3
represents
a
new
approach
to
clinical
information
exchange
based
on
a
model
driven
methodology
that
produces
messages
and
electronic
documents
expressed
in
XML
syntax.
The
V3
specification
is
built
around
subject
domains
that
provide
storyboard
descriptions,
trigger
events,
interaction
designs,
domain
object
models
derived
from
the
RIM,
hierarchical
message
descriptors
(HMDs)
and
a
prose
description
of
each
element.
HQMF
(Health
Quality
Measure
Format)
is
a
standard
for
representing
a
health
quality
measure
as
an
electronic
document.
A
quality
measure
is
a
quantitative
tool
that
provides
an
indication
of
an
individual
or
organization’s
performance
in
relation
to
a
specified
process
or
outcome
via
the
measurement
of
an
action,
process
or
outcome
of
clinical
care.
HTML
(Hypertext
Markup
Language)
is
a
specification
of
the
W3C
that
provides
markup
of
documents
for
display
in
a
web
browser.
HTTP
(Hypertext
Transfer
Protocol)
is
a
state-less
protocol
for
the
exchange
of
data
in
the
application
layer
of
the
OSI-model.
It
is
used
in
the
World
Wide
Web
(WWW)
for
representation
of
web-sites,
but
also
for
machine-to-machine
communication.
HTTPS
(HTTP
over
SSL
or
HTTP
Secure)
is
an
extension
of
the
HTTP
used
for
secure
communication
over
a
computer
network
and
is
widely
used
on
the
Internet.
HTTPS
uses
Secure
Socket
Layer
(SSL)
or
Transport
Layer
Security
(TLS)
as
a
sublayer
under
regular
HTTP
application
layering.
(See
HTTP,
SSL,
TLS)
2.1.21.9
I
ICD
(International
Classification
of
Diseases):
is
a
global
standard
for
health
information
and
published
by
the
WHO.
(https://icd.who.int)
IHE
(Integrating
the
Healthcare
Enterprise):
is
an
organisation
of
volunteers,
who
cooperate
to
integrate
IT
systems
in
the
healthcare
enterprise.
Implicit
Rule
is
a
reference
to
a
custom
agreement
that
describes
how
the
resource
is
being
used
that
was
followed
when
the
resource
was
constructed,
where
the
implementation
guide
must
be
known
and
understood
in
order
to
safely
processing
the
content.
Immunization
is
a
treatment
given
to
a
patient
to
confer
immunity
for
a
specific
disease.
In
context
of
FHIR,
Immunization
is
a
resource
to
describe
the
event
of
a
patient
being
administered
a
vaccine
or
a
record
of
an
immunization
as
reported
by
a
patient,
a
clinician
or
another
party,
and
intended
to
cover
the
recording
of
current
and
historical
administration
of
vaccines
to
patients
across
all
healthcare
disciplines
in
all
care
settings
and
all
regions.
Immunization
History
is
a
collection
of
immunizations
received
by
the
client/patient.
Immunization
Status
describes
a
person's
progress
towards
meeting
the
goals
for
a
particular
vaccine.
Insurer
is
a
public
or
private
insurer
which
will
adjudicate
Claims
for
health
care
goods
and
services
to
determine
if
the
there
is
any
benefit
payable,
amount
due,
under
the
policy
which
covers
the
patient.
(See
Claim)
Interaction
is
an
operation
on
resources
provided
by
FHIR
RESTful
API
where
individual
resource
instances
are
managed
in
collections
by
their
type.
FHIR
defined
resource
instance
level,
type
level
and
whole
system
level
interactions.
Interoperability
in
HL7
context,
is
the
ability
of
two
or
more
computer
systems
to
exchange
information.
Invariants
are
constrain
attached
to
an
element
in
a
resource.
Many
constraints
are
defined
in
the
base
specification.
Additional
constraints
may
be
defined
in
profiles
that
apply
to
resources.
Invoice
is
a
request
initiated
by
a
Provider,
on
behalf
of
a
plan
member
(insured),
for
payment
for
services
rendered
and/or
goods
provided.
Stated
another
way,
an
Invoice
is
a
request
by
a
plan
member
to
a
plan
administrator
(Adjudicator)
for
payment
of
a
benefit
covered
by
the
benefit
plan.
Is-Modifier
is
a
boolean
property
that
is
assigned
when
a
resource
element
is
defined,
either
as
part
of
the
base
resource
contents
in
this
specification,
or
when
profiles
declare
extensions.
Is-Summary
is
a
boolean
property
that
indicates
how
the
element
behaves
when
a
client
can
request
the
server
to
return
only
a
portion
of
the
resources
by
using
the
parameter.
(See
Summary
Searches)
2.1.21.10
J
JSON
(JavaScript
Object
Notation)
is
a
compact,
text-based
data
format
for
the
platform
independent
exchange
of
data
between
IT
systems.
Jurisdiction
is
the
authority
to
license
agencies
and
professionals
to
provide
EMS
services
in
a
geographic
area.
JWT
(JSON
Web
Token)
is
a
compact
URL-safe
means
of
representing
claims
to
be
transferred
between
two
parties.
2.1.21.11
L
Label
,
Security
is
a
concept
attached
to
a
resource
or
bundle
that
provides
specific
security
metadata
about
the
information
it
is
fixed
to.
Security
Labels
enable
more
data
to
flow
as
they
enable
policy
fragments
to
accompany
the
resource
data.
Laboratory
Order
is
a
request
for
clinical
laboratory
services
for
a
specified
patient.
Literal
Reference
is
a
reference
to
a
location
at
which
the
other
resource
is
found.
The
reference
may
be
a
relative
reference,
in
which
case
it
is
relative
to
the
service
base
URL,
or
an
absolute
URL
that
resolves
to
the
location
where
the
resource
is
found.
(See
URL)
Living
Subject
is
an
abstract
term
to
define
Person
or
Animal.
Location
is
a
details
and
position
information
for
a
physical
place
where
services
are
provided
and
resources
and
participants
may
be
stored,
found,
contained,
or
accommodated.
Logical
Reference
is
an
identifier
to
the
entity
from
the
target
element
that
cannot
be
converted
to
a
literal
reference
to
directly
reference
an
actual
resource.
(See
Literal
Reference)
Logical
Identifier
is
an
id
element
of
the
resource
assigned
by
the
server
responsible
for
storing
it.
The
logical
id
is
unique
within
the
space
of
all
resources
of
the
same
type
on
the
same
server.
LOINC
(Logical
Observation
Identifiers
Names
and
Codes):
is
an
international
Code
System
for
the
identification
of
laboratory
and
clinical
studies
and
tests.
(https://loinc.org)
Loosely
Coupled
in
context
of
application
roles
do
not
assume
that
common
information
about
the
subject
classes
participating
in
a
message
is
available
to
system
components
outside
of
the
specific
message.
(See
Tightly
Coupled)
2.1.21.12
M
Markup
is
a
term
for
computer-processable
annotations
within
a
document.
Markup
encodes
a
description
of
a
document’s
storage
layout
and
logical
structure.
Master
Patient
Index
is
a
computer-based
system
that
facilitates
the
tracking
of
patient
information
by
assigning
each
patient
an
identifying
series
of
characters.
Maturity
Level
See
Maturity
Model
Maturity
Model
(FHIR
Maturity
Model)
relates
to
the
degree
of
formality
and
stability
of
a
resource
and
can
be
used
to
judge
how
advanced
and
therefore
stable
an
artifact
is.
MAY
is
the
conformance
verb
MAY
is
used
to
indicate
a
possibility.
(See
Conformance
Verb)
Media
is
a
photo,
video,
or
audio
recording
acquired
or
used
in
healthcare.
The
actual
content
may
be
inline
or
provided
by
direct
reference.
Medication
is
a
drug
used
to
diagnose,
cure,
treat,
or
prevent
disease.
In
context
of
FHIR,
Medication
is
a
resource
used
for
the
identification
and
definition
of
a
medication
for
the
purposes
of
prescribing,
dispensing,
and
administering
a
medication
as
well
as
for
making
statements
about
medication
use.
Medication
Administration
is
a
description
of
the
event
of
a
patient
consuming
or
otherwise
being
administered
a
medication.
This
may
be
as
simple
as
swallowing
a
tablet
or
it
may
be
a
long
running
infusion.
Related
resources
tie
this
event
to
the
authorizing
prescription,
and
the
specific
encounter
between
patient
and
health
care
practitioner.
Medication
Dispense
is
an
indication
that
a
medication
product
is
to
be
or
has
been
dispensed
for
a
named
person/patient.
This
includes
a
description
of
the
medication
product
(supply)
provided
and
the
instructions
for
administering
the
medication.
The
medication
dispense
is
the
result
of
a
pharmacy
system
responding
to
a
medication
order.
Medication
Statement
is
a
record
of
a
medication
that
is
being
consumed
by
a
patient
that
may
indicate
that
the
patient
may
be
taking
the
medication
now
or
has
taken
the
medication
in
the
past
or
will
be
taking
the
medication
in
the
future.
Message
is
a
package
of
information
communicated
from
one
application
to
another.
FHIR
Resources
can
be
used
in
a
traditional
messaging
context,
much
like
HL7v2.
Meta
is
an
element
"meta"
of
type
"Meta"
which
is
a
set
of
metadata
that
provides
technical
and
workflow
context
to
the
resource.
Methodology
is
a
set
of
methods
or
rules
followed
in
a
particular
discipline.
MIME
(Multipurpose
Internet
Mail
Extensions)
is
an
Internet
standard
that
helps
extend
the
limited
capabilities
of
email
by
allowing
insertion
of
images,
sounds
and
text
in
a
message.
Defined
by
RFC
2046.
MLLP
(Minimum
Lower
Layer
Protocol)
is
a
minimalistic
Open
Systems
Interconnection
(OSI)-session
layer
framing
protocol
as
well
as
a
minimalistic
reliable
transport
protocol
typically
used
to
transmit
HL7v2
messages.
Modifier
Extension
is
a
child
element
to
represent
additional
information
that
is
not
part
of
the
basic
definition
of
the
resource
that
modifies
the
meaning
of
the
element
that
contains
it.
(See
Extension)
Must-Support
is
a
resource
element
label
meaning
that
implementations
that
produce
or
consume
resources
shall
provide
"support"
for
the
element
in
some
meaningful
way.
2.1.21.13
N
Namespace
A
qualifier
added
to
an
XML
tag
to
ensure
uniqueness
among
XML
elements.
(See
XML)
Narrative
is
the
human-readable
content
or
summary
of
the
resource
that
an
applications
can
display
to
users
without
having
to
fully
and
correctly
process
the
data
in
the
resource.
The
Narrative
is
defined
in
XHTML
format.
(See
XHTML)
NullFlavor
is
the
code
system
defined
as
a
part
of
HL7
version
3.
It
contains
values
for
a
data
element
which
indicates
the
absence
and
reason
for
absence
of
data.
2.1.21.14
O
OAuth
(Open
Authorization)
is
an
open
standard
for
token-based
authentication
and
authorization
on
the
Internet.
Object
Identifier
is
a
scheme
to
provide
globally
unique
identifiers.
(See
OID)
OID
(ISO
Object
Identifier):
A
globally
unique
identifier
created
using
the
rules
established
in
the
ISO
9834
series
of
standards
Observation
is
a
measurement
or
simple
assertion
made
about
a
patient,
device
or
other
subject.
Observations
are
a
central
element
in
healthcare,
used
to
support
diagnosis,
monitor
progress,
determine
baselines
and
patterns
and
even
capture
demographic
characteristics.
Most
observations
are
simple
name/value
pair
assertions
with
some
metadata,
but
some
observations
group
other
observations
together
logically,
or
even
are
multi-component
observations.
OpenID
is
an
open
standard
and
decentralized
authentication
protocol
that
allows
users
to
be
authenticated
by
co-operating
sites
using
a
third-party
service,
eliminating
the
need
for
webmasters
to
provide
their
own
ad
hoc
login
systems,
and
allowing
users
to
log
into
multiple
unrelated
websites
without
having
to
have
a
separate
identity
and
password
for
each.
(See
Authentication)
OperationOutcome
is
a
FHIR
resource
to
represent
a
collection
of
error,
warning
or
information
messages
that
result
from
a
system
action
and
provided
as
a
direct
system
response
or
component
of
one.
Organization
is
a
formally
or
informally
recognized
grouping
of
people
or
organizations
formed
for
the
purpose
of
achieving
some
form
of
collective
action.
Includes
companies,
institutions,
corporations,
departments,
community
groups,
healthcare
practice
groups,
payer/insurer.
An
Organization
is
recognized
as
an
entity
from
the
perspective
of
one
or
more
authorities
and/or
other
organizations
external
to
the
Organization-of-Interest
including
legal,
social,
etc.
Outcome
is
an
observation
on
the
subject
made
following
a
specific
intervention
or
collection
of
interventions
on
the
subject
or
related
subjects.
2.1.21.15
P
Paging
is
the
way
to
break
up
a
large
amount
of
results
of
a
search
or
history
interaction
by
sending
continuation
links
to
the
client
when
returning
a
Bundle.
This
mechanism
is
adapted
from
RFC
5005.
PATCH
is
a
FHIR
RESTful
API
interaction
used
as
an
alternative
to
updating
an
entire
resource,
which
can
be
useful
when
a
client
is
seeking
to
minimize
its
bandwidth
utilization,
or
in
scenarios
where
a
client
has
only
partial
access
or
support
for
a
resource.
Patient
is
a
Person,
in
the
role
of
patient
for
a
particular
situation.
For
example,
this
person
is
a
patient
at
the
hospital,
but
this
person
is
not
a
patient
at
this
time.
(See
also
Person)
Patient
Education
The
teaching
or
training
of
patients
concerning
their
own
health
needs.
Patient
Encounter
See
Encounter.
Payee
is
a
person
or
organization
that
receives
payment
for
Goods
provided
and/or
Services
rendered
or
receives
payment
on
behalf
of
one
or
more
Providers.
As
well,
a
Payee
may
be
a
Person
who
has
directly
paid
the
Provider
for
the
Goods
provided
and/or
Services
rendered
and
is
being
reimbursed
by
the
Adjudicator.
Payer
is
a
person
or
organization
responsible
for
paying
medical
bills.
Payment
Advice
is
a
payment
details
for
adjudicated
Invoices
and
non-Invoice
adjustments
which
correspond
to
an
actual
payment
either
by
cheque
or
electronic
funds
transfer.
Payment
Reconciliation
is
the
process
of
comparing
what
has
been
paid
versus
what
was
expected
to
be
paid.
Payor
is
an
organization
who
is
responsible
for
the
payment.
Person
is
an
individual
person,
who
can
assume
multiple
roles
over
time.
For
example,
a
person
may
be
a
patient
for
a
period
of
time
at
a
hospital
or
a
provider
on
a
different
occasion.
Person
is
a
subtype
of
Living
Subject
representing
single
human
being
who
must
also
be
uniquely
identifiable
through
one
or
more
legal
documents
(e.g.
Driver's
License,
Birth
Certificate,
etc.)
Practitioner
is
a
person
who
is
engaged
in
the
healthcare
process
and
healthcare-related
services
as
part
of
his/her
formal
responsibilities.
Pre-Determination
is
the
submission
of
a
'mock'
Healthcare
Invoice
to
a
Payor
to
determine
the
extent
to
which
an
Adjudicator
will
reimburse
for
the
goods
or
services.
A
Provider
may
use
this
to
compare
alternate
treatments
to
determine
least
cost
alternative
for
the
patient.
Prescription
is
an
order
from
a
recognized
prescriber
for
a
health
care
good
or
service.
Primitive
datatype
is
a
datatype
that
defined
as
a
single
entity,
and
whose
full
semantic
is
contained
in
its
definition.
Problem
List
is
a
series
of
brief
statements
that
catalog
a
patient’s
medical,
nursing,
dental,
social,
preventative
and
psychiatric
events
and
issues
that
are
relevant
to
that
patient’s
health
care
(e.g.
signs,
symptoms,
and
defined
conditions).
Procedure
in
the
context
of
a
Health
Care
procedure
is
the
details
identifying
the
service
or
procedure
that
was
actually
provided
to
a
Person
such
as
the
procedure
code,
duration
of
procedure,
time
procedure
took
place
and
Provider
who
performed
the
procedure.
Profile
is
a
set
of
constraints
on
a
resource
that
define
rules
about
which
resource
elements
are
or
are
not
used,
what
additional
elements
are
added
that
are
not
part
of
the
base
FHIR
specification,
what
terminologies
are
used
in
particular
elements.
Profiles
are
represented
as
structure
definitions.
Profile,
Resource
see
Resource
Profile.
Profile,
Supported
see
Supported
Profile
Progress
Note
is
a
textual
description
of
the
health
care
provider’s
observations,
their
interpretations
and
conclusions
about
the
clinical
course
of
the
patient
or
the
steps
taken,
or
to
be
taken,
in
the
care
of
the
patient.
Protocol
in
the
context
of
a
Health
Care
is
a
set
of
medical
instructions
to
be
followed
under
a
specified
set
of
circumstances
Provider
is
an
individual
who
delivers
a
health
service
to
a
person
or
animal
e.g.,
doctor,
nurse,
pharmacist,
technician,
etc.
Provenance
is
a
name
of
FHIR
resource
that
tracks
information
about
the
activity
that
created,
revised,
deleted,
or
signed
a
version
of
a
resource,
describing
the
entities
and
agents
involved.
2.1.21.16
Q
QDM
(Quality
Data
Model)
is
an
information
model
that
defines
relationships
between
patients
and
clinical
concepts
in
a
standardized
format
to
enable
electronic
quality
performance
measurement.
The
model
is
the
structure
for
electronically
representing
quality
measure
concepts
for
stakeholders
involved
in
electronic
quality
measurement
development
and
reporting.
Query
is
a
primary
mechanism
for
retrieving
information
from
computer
systems.
2.1.21.17
R
RBAC
(Role-based
Access
Control)
is
a
policy-neutral
access-control
mechanism
to
restrict
system
access
to
authorized
users
defined
around
roles
and
privileges.
(See
ABAC)
RDF
(Resource
Description
Framework)
is
a
family
of
World
Wide
Web
Consortium
(W3C)
specifications
originally
designed
as
a
metadata
data
model.
FHIR
resources
can
be
represented
in
the
textual
syntax
for
RDF
called
Turtle
that
allows
an
RDF
graph
to
be
completely
written
in
a
compact
and
natural
text
form,
with
abbreviations
for
common
usage
patterns
and
datatypes.
Re-Adjudication
(of
an
invoice)
is
a
process
whereby
a
Provider
can
request
a
re-adjudication
of
an
invoice
that
has
been
partially
paid
by
a
Payor.
Relative
URL
specifies
the
location
of
a
target
stored
on
a
local
or
networked
computer
and
typically
consists
only
of
the
path
relative
to
the
Service
Base
URL.
(See
Absolute
URL)
Resource
a
modular
component
FHIR
solutions
are
built
from.
FHIR
resources
by
themselves
all
specialize
the
base
type
Resource.
Resources
can
be
thought
as
a
collection
of
information
models
that
define
the
data
elements,
constraints
and
relationships
for
the
“business
objects”
most
relevant
to
healthcare.
(See
DomainResource)
Resource
Profile
describe
the
general
features
that
are
supported
by
a
system
for
each
kind
of
resource.
Typically,
this
is
the
superset
of
all
the
different
use-cases
implemented
by
the
system.
This
is
a
resource-level
perspective
of
a
system's
functionality.
(See
Profile)
Resource
Reference
is
a
general
references
between
resources.
(See
Canonical
Reference)
Resource,
Contained
See
Contained
Resource
REST
(Representational
State
Transfer)
-
is
a
paradigm
for
distributed
systems
especially
for
web
services.
REST
defines
principles
on
using
communication
protocols
(mainly
HTTP
and
HTTPS)
in
the
application
layer
level
of
the
OSI-model.
RESTful
Web
Services
or
API
(application
program
interface)
that
conform
to
the
REST
architectural
style.
(See
REST)
RFH
(Resources
For
Healthcare)
is
the
initial
draft
of
the
FHIR
standard.
RIM
(Reference
Information
Model)
is
the
HL7
version
3
information
model
from
which
all
other
information
models
(e.g.,
RMIMs)
and
messages
are
derived.
RMIM
(Refined
Message
Information
Model)
is
an
information
structure
in
HL7
version
3
that
represents
the
requirements
for
a
set
of
messages.
A
constrained
subset
of
the
Reference
Information
Model
(RIM)
which
MAY
contain
additional
classes
that
are
cloned
from
RIM
classes.
2.1.21.18
S
SAIF
(HL7
Service-Aware
Interoperability
Framework)
is
the
framework
to
rationalize
interoperability
of
standards,
provide
consistency
between
all
artifacts,
enable
a
standardized
approach
to
Enterprise
Architecture
development
and
implementation,
and
a
way
to
measure
the
consistency.
Security
Labels
is
a
concept
attached
to
a
resource
or
bundle
that
provides
specific
security
metadata
about
the
information
it
is
fixed
to.
Security
Labels
enable
more
data
to
flow
as
they
enable
policy
fragments
to
accompany
the
resource
data.
Scenario
is
a
statement
of
relevant
events
from
the
problem
domain,
defined
as
a
sequence
of
interactions.
The
scenario
provides
one
set
of
interactions
that
the
modeling
committee
expects
will
typically
occur
in
the
domain.
Usually,
a
sequence
diagram
is
constructed
to
show
a
group
of
interactions
for
a
single
scenario.
Schedule
is
a
container
for
slots
of
time
that
may
be
available
for
booking
appointments.
(See
Appointment)
Schema
1.
A
diagrammatic
presentation,
a
structured
framework,
or
a
plan.
2.
A
set
of
requirements
that
need
to
be
met
in
order
for
a
document
or
set
of
data
to
be
a
valid
expression
within
the
context
of
a
particular
grammar.
For
example,
XML
Schema
is
a
specification
of
the
structure
of
a
document
or
set
of
data.
Schematron
is
a
rule-based
validation
language
for
making
assertions
about
the
presence
or
absence
of
patterns
in
XML
trees.
SDO
Standards
Development
Organization
Secondary
Payor
is
a
Payor
that
is
responsible
for
payment
of
a
Healthcare
Invoice
if
the
Primary
Payor
does
not
pay.
Semantic
in
the
context
of
a
technical
specification,
semantic
refers
to
the
meaning
of
something
as
distinct
from
its
exchange
representation.
Syntax
can
change
without
affecting
semantics.
Service
is
a
cohesive
set
of
functions
that
maintain
responsibility
for
both
data
and
"state"
for
the
scope
of
their
responsibility.
Services
have
a
unity
of
function,
such
as
Terminology
Management,
Identity
Management
working
with
other
services
in
collaboration
as
part
of
an
orchestrated
workflow.
SHALL
is
the
conformance
verb
SHALL
is
used
to
indicate
a
requirement.
(See
Conformance
Verb)
SHOULD
is
the
conformance
verb
SHOULD
is
used
to
indicate
a
recommendation.
(See
Conformance
Verb)
Simplifier
is
the
FHIR
platform
for
profiles
and
implementation
guides,
used
by
FHIR
implementers
around
the
world
(simplifier.net)
Slicing
is
the
way
to
constrain
an
element
in
StructureDefintion
that
may
occur
more
than
once
(e.g.
in
a
list),
and
then
split
the
list
into
a
series
of
sub-lists,
each
with
different
restrictions
on
the
elements
in
the
sub-list
with
associated
additional
meaning.
Slicing,
Discriminator
See
Discriminator
Slice
Slicing,
Default
see
Default
Slice
SMART
(Substitutable
Medical
Applications,
Reusable
Technologies)
is
the
way
to
standardize
the
processes
on
how
EHR
systems
and
their
applications
authenticate
and
integrate.
SMART
on
FHIR
See
SMART.
Snapshot
Statement
is
a
StructureDefinitions
that
carry
a
"snapshot"
-
a
fully
calculated
form
of
the
structure
that
is
not
dependent
on
any
other
structure.
(See
StructureDefinition)
SNOMED
CT
(Systematized
Nomenclature
of
Medicine
–
Codes
and
Terms):
is
the
most
comprehensive,
multilingual
clinical
healthcare
terminology
in
the
world
and
enables
consistent
representation
of
clinical
content
in
EHRs.
(http://www.snomed.org)
SOA
(Service-Oriented
Architecture)
is
a
style
of
software
design
where
services
are
provided
to
the
other
components
by
application
components,
through
a
communication
protocol
over
a
network.
SOAP
(Simple
Object
Access
Protocol)
-
is
a
network
protocol
for
the
exchange
of
data
between
IT
systems
and
is
defined
by
the
World
Wide
Web
Consortium
(W3C).
SOAP
uses
XML
for
the
representation
of
the
data
transported
and
Internet-protocols
of
the
transport-
and
application-layer
level
of
the
OSI-model,
mainly
by
HTTP(s)
and
TCP.
Solicited
Attachment
is
an
attachment
sent
to
provide
supporting
information
in
response
to
having
received
a
request
for
additional
information.
(See
Attachment)
Specification
is
a
detailed
description
of
the
required
characteristics
of
a
product.
Specimen
is
a
sample
obtained
from
a
subject
on
which
observations
are
performed.
A
specimen
is
a
type
of
partitive
role
in
which,
the
player
is
a
material
taken
as
a
sample
from
a
source
scoping
entity.
For
example,
a
specimen
of
venous
blood
taken
from
a
patient
for
a
laboratory
investigation.
SSL
(Secure
Sockets
Layer)
is
a
cryptographic
protocol
that
provides
end-to-end
communications
security
over
networks
and
was
widely
used
for
internet
communications
and
online
transactions.
Replaced
by
an
updated
version
called
TLS.
(See
TLS)
Statement,
Differential
See
Differential
Statement
Statement,
Snapshot
See
Snapshot
Statement
StructureDefinition
is
a
resource
that
makes
rules
about
how
other
resource
(or
type)
and
its
data
elements
are
used
in
a
particular
context,
including
defining
how
extensions
are
used.
STU
(Standard
for
Trial
Use)
is
an
ANSI
standards
development
process
stage.
Stylesheet
is
a
file
that
describes
how
to
display
an
XML
document
of
a
given
type.
(See
CSS)
Summary
Searches
is
the
way
a
client
can
request
the
FHIR
server
to
return
only
a
portion
of
the
resources
by
using
the
parameter
_summary.
The
intent
is
to
reduce
the
total
processing
load
on
server,
client,
and
resources
between
them
such
as
the
network.
Supported
Profile
describe
the
information
handled/produced
by
the
system
on
a
per
use
case
basis.
(See
Profile)
Supply
Order
is
a
quantity
of
manufactured
material
to
be
specified
either
by
name,
id,
or
optionally,
the
manufacturer.
2.1.21.19
T
Tag
is
a
used
to
associate
additional
operational
information
with
the
Resources,
such
as
workflow
management.
(See
Meta)
Terminology
A
structured,
human
and
machine-readable
representation
of
clinical
concepts
required
directly
or
indirectly
to
describe
health
conditions
and
healthcare
activities
and
allow
their
subsequent
retrieval
or
analysis.
Tightly
Coupled
in
context
of
application
roles
assume
that
common
information
about
the
subject
classes
participating
in
a
message
is
available
to
system
components
outside
of
the
specific
message.
(See
Loosely
Coupled)
TLS
(Transport
Layer
Security)
is
a
cryptographic
protocol
that
provides
end-to-end
communications
security
over
networks
and
is
widely
used
for
internet
communications
and
online
transactions.
(See
SSL)
TOGAF
is
an
Enterprise
Architecture
standard
of
The
Open
Group,
is
an
Enterprise
Architecture
methodology
and
framework
used
to
improve
business
efficiency.
Transaction
is
a
FHIR
RESTful
API
interaction
sent
to
the
FHIR
Server
to
perform
a
set
of
actions
on
resources
in
a
single
HTTP
request/response.
In
case
of
Transaction
actions
are
performed
as
single
atomic
action
where
the
entire
set
of
resource
changes
succeed
or
fail
as
a
single
entity.
(See
Batch)
Trigger
Event
An
event
which,
when
recorded
or
recognized
by
an
application,
initiates
another
action
to
occur.
Turtle
is
the
textual
syntax
for
RDF
that
allows
an
RDF
graph
to
be
completely
written
in
a
compact
and
natural
text
form,
with
abbreviations
for
common
usage
patterns
and
datatypes.
(See
RDF)
2.1.21.20
U
UCUM
(Unified
Code
for
Units
of
Measure)
is
a
code
system
intended
to
include
all
units
of
measures
being
contemporarily
used
in
international
science,
engineering,
and
business.
The
purpose
is
to
facilitate
unambiguous
electronic
communication
of
quantities
together
with
their
units.
UML
(Unified
Modelling
Language)
is
a
specification
created
to
unify
several
well-known
object-oriented
modeling
methodologies,
including
those
of
Booch,
Rumbaugh,
Jacobson,
and
others.
Unsolicited
Attachment
is
an
attachment
sent
to
provide
supporting
information
without
first
having
received
a
request
for
additional
information.
(See
Attachment)
URI
(Uniform
Resource
Identifier
Reference)
is
a
compact
case
sensitive
sequence
of
characters
that
identifies
an
abstract
or
physical
resource
defined
by
RFC
3986.
URL
(Uniform
Resource
Locator)
is
the
syntax
and
semantics
of
formalized
information
for
location
and
access
of
resources
via
the
Internet
defined
by
RFC
1738.
URL,
Absolute
See
Absolute
URL
URL,
Canonical
See
Canonical
URL
URL,
Relative
See
Relative
URL
URN
(Uniform
Resource
Name)
is
a
Uniform
Resource
Identifier
(URI)
that
is
assigned
under
the
"urn"
URI
scheme
and
a
particular
URN
namespace,
with
the
intent
that
the
URN
will
be
a
persistent,
location-independent
resource
identifier
defined
by
RFC
8141.
2.1.21.21
V
Vaccine
is
a
product
that
composes
an
immunization.
value[x]
represents
the
choice
of
Datatypes.
In
the
real
instance
of
a
resource
the
"value"
part
of
the
name
is
constant,
and
the
"[x]"
is
replaced
with
the
title-cased
name
of
the
type
that
is
actually
used.
(See
Datatypes)
Value
Set
specifies
a
set
of
codes
defined
by
code
systems
that
can
be
used
in
a
specific
context.
Value
Set
can
be
a
versioned
excerpt
of
codes
from
one
or
multiple
terminologies
used
to
describe
health
conditions
and
healthcare
activities.
(See
Code
System)
Version,
FHIR
is
the
version
of
the
FHIR
specification.
FHIR
Servers
may
support
multiple
versions
of
FHIR.
Version,
Record
is
a
version
of
a
resource
supported
by
FHIR
Server
to
allow
to
retrieve
old
instances
of
a
resource.
FHIR
Servers
do
not
have
to
support
versioning,
though
they
are
strongly
encouraged
to
do
so.
Version,
Business
is
a
version
of
the
content
that
goes
through
a
formal
publishing
cycle.
This
is
changed
explicitly
by
a
human,
or
by
some
automated
process
in
accordance
with
applicable
business
rules.
The
version
can
be
appended
to
the
URL
in
a
reference
to
allow
a
reference
to
a
particular
business
version
of
the
resource.
Vital
Signs
are
physical
signs
or
measurements
that
indicate
an
individual
is
alive,
such
as
heart
beat,
breathing
rate,
temperature,
and
blood
pressure.
Vocabulary
is
a
set
of
valid
values
for
a
coded
attribute
or
field.
Vocabulary
Domain
is
a
set
of
all
concepts
that
can
be
taken
as
valid
values
in
an
instance
of
a
coded
attribute
or
field;
a
constraint
applicable
to
code
values.
2.1.21.22
W
WADO-RS
(Web
Access
to
DICOM
Objects
by
RESTful
Services)
is
a
specification
that
allows
enables
a
user
agent
to
retrieve
DICOM
Instances
using
HTTP
(See
DICOM)
Well-formed
document
is
an
XML
document
which
meets
all
of
the
well-formedness
constraints
in
the
XML
Specification.
(See
XML)
Withdrawn
is
an
indication
that
an
artifact
is
documented
for
historical
purposes,
but
no
longer
supported.
Workflow
is
a
sequence
of
activities
by
an
individual
that
is
required
to
complete
a
specific
business
process.
2.1.21.23
X
XDS
(Cross-Enterprise
Document
Sharing)
-
IHE
Integration
Profile
that
facilitates
the
registration,
distribution
and
access
across
health
enterprises
of
patient
electronic
health
records.
(See
IHE)
XHTML
is
a
reformulation
of
HTML
4
in
XML
1.0
format
defined
by
W3C
organization
in
the
“XHTML™
1.0
The
Extensible
HyperText
Markup
Language”
standard.
(See
HTML)
XML
(Extensible
Markup
Language)
-
is
a
markup
language
with
the
aim
to
represent
data
in
a
hierarchical
structure
in
a
text
file.
Based
on
SGML
(Standard
Generalized
Markup
Language),
it
consists
of
a
set
of
rules
for
defining
semantic
tags
used
to
mark
up
the
content
of
documents.
XPath
(XML
Path
Language)
is
a
query
language
for
selecting
nodes
from
an
XML
document.
XML
Prolog
is
an
optional
component
added
in
the
beginning
of
an
XML
document,
typically
<?xml
version="1.0"
encoding="UTF-8"?>.
The
XML
Prolog
is
not
a
part
of
the
XML
document
and
does
not
have
a
closing
tag.
XSL
(Extensible
Style
Language)
is
a
specification
of
the
W3C
specifies
the
presentation
of
a
class
of
XML
documents
by
describing
how
an
instance
of
the
class
is
transformed
into
an
XML
document
that
uses
the
formatting
vocabulary.
XSLT
(XSL
Transformation
language)
is
a
specification
of
the
W3C
for
transforming
XML
documents
into
other
XML
documents.
2.1.21.24
Z
Zachman
Framework
is
an
enterprise
ontology
and
is
a
fundamental
structure
for
Enterprise
Architecture
which
provides
a
formal
and
structured
way
of
viewing
and
defining
an
enterprise.
Foundation
|
Propose
a
change